A Glossary of Definitions, Terms, Names, Contexts and Allusions in Tom Stoppard's Arcadia

Numbers in parentheses refer to page numbers
Act II, Scene 5
Moore (53). See earlier reference.
Jeffrey (53). See earlier reference.
Charles II (53). (1630-1685) King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from the Restoration in 1660 to 1685. His reigns was marked by colonization and trade expansion as well as continued opposition to Catholicism.
clairvoyant (57). Having the ability to see objects or events that cannot be perceived by the senses.
grassed (57). "Ratted".
Bollocks (59). Nonsense (literally refers to bull testicles).
historical revisionism (59). The rewriting of the accepted views concerning historical events and movements.
Rationalist (60). A follower of the philosophical theory that reason is the prime source of knowledge and of spiritual truth -- not spiritual revelation, empiricism or authority.
calculus (60). The branch of mathematics that deals with the differentiation and integration of functions of one or more variables. The Calculus was developed in the seventeenth century by both Sir Isaac Newton and G.W. Leibnitz. Differential calculus studies the rate at which a function changes relative to a change in an independent variable, often time.
Leibnitz, Gottfried Wilhelm, Baron von (61). (1646-1716) The German philosopher and mathematician who, independently of Sir Isaac Newton, invented differential and integral calculus. He is also known for the optimistic metaphysical theory that we live in "the best of all possible worlds."
quarks (61). Elementary particles which combine into neutrons, protons, and certain other more exotic particles. Their existence was proposed by Murray Gell-Mann and George Zweig in the 1960's to explain data obtained at high-energy particle accelerators. Gell-Mann chose the name "quark" from the line "Three quarks for Muster mark!" from Finnegan's Wake by James Joyce.
quasars (61). A class of objects which look like faint stars in a photograph, but which are actually billions of light years away. We can see them at this distance only because they are so intrinsically bright. We may actually be seeing material heated to extremely high temperatures in the gravitational field of a black hole.
big bang (61). A theory for the evolution of the universe based on Einstein's general theory of relativity, and supported by several observations, including the fact that the average distance between galaxies seems to be increasing. According to this model, the universe was once extraordinarily hot and dense and has since expanded.
black holes (61). In some cases, the collapse of a star results in an extremely small region of space-time which has a gravitational field so enormous that nothing can escape, not even light.
'She walks in beauty . . ." (61).
A quote from Byron's Hebrew Melodies (1815) She walks in beauty, like the night Of cloudless climes and starry skies; And all that's best of dark and bright Meet in her aspect and her eyes: Thus mellow'd to that tender light Which heaven to gaudy day denies.
Royal Academy (62). The principal British fine arts organization was founded in 1768 by King George III. The first permanent rooms were in the royal palace, Old Somerset House, in 1771. The society moved to the National Gallery, Trafalgar Square, in 1837 and to Burlington House in 1869.
Henry Fuseli (62). Swiss-born British painter (1741-1825). His work fused Gothic romanticism with classicism in a fantastic, grotesque and macabre style. The Nightmare is his best-known work.
Chippendale, Thomas (63). The British cabinetmaker (1718-1779) who created a furniture style bearing his name. The style is seen most notably in chairs which generally display flowing lines and rococo ornamentation.
sub rosa (64). (Latin) Under the rose, confidentially.
cv (64). Abbreviation of the Latin term curriculum vitae, a rŽsumŽ or outline of one's life.
performance art (65). A theatre art form in which thematically related works in a variety of media are presented. Audiences may encounter these media simultaneously or successively.
Rhetoric (65). The art or study of the effective and persuasive use of language.
PT (65). Physical Training, the British equivalent of gym class
hoary as Job (65). As white-haired as Job in the Old Testament. Job was an upright man whose faith in God survived repeated tests imposed by God.
The Second law of thermodynamics (65). Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that deals with the relationships between heat and other forms of energy. The first law of thermodynamics deals with the conservation of energy. The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy cannot decrease in a system for any spontaneous process. Entropy refers to the amount of disorder in a system. An example of this is that heat cannot pass from a colder body to a warmer body, but only from a warmer body to a colder body.
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