815 North Broadway
Saratoga Springs,
New York, 12866
SKIDMORE PHONE
518-580-5000
Environmental Studies
Director of the Environmental Studies Program:†Judith A. Halstead
Associate Director and Lecturer: Karen Kellogg
Affiliated Faculty:
American Studies:†Mary Lynn, Gregory Pfitzer
Anthropology: Adam Chau, Michael Ennis-McMillan
Biology: Catherine Domozych, †David
Domozych, Corey Freeman-Gallant, Roy Meyers, Monica Raveret
Richter, Sue Van Hook
Business: James Kennelly, K. Gary McClure
Chemistry: Steven Frey, Raymond Giguere, Judith
Halstead, Vasantha Narasimhan, David Weis
Computer Science: Robert DeSieno
Economics: Mehmet
Odekon, Lynda Vargha
English: Sarah Goodwin, Linda Simon
Geosciences: Katharine Cartwright, Richard Lindemann, Kimberly
Marsella, Kyle Nichols
Government: Roy Ginsberg, Katherine Graney, Aldo Vacs,
Christopher Whann, Robert Turner
History: Joseph Hodges, Tadahisa Kuroda
Library: Barbara Norelli
Mathematics: Una Bray
Philosophy and Religion: William Lewis, Mary Stange
Physics: William Standish
Sociology: Catherine Berheide, David Karp, Rik Scarce
†Environmental
Studies Steering Committee
The Skidmore College Environmental Studies Program (ES) builds
upon and enhances the mission of the College. First, the program
helps students become environmentally literate citizens. Such
citizens as consumers, parents, voters, and community leaders
will serve society by acting responsibly as we face the environmentally
related challenges of the new century. Secondly, the program
provides an understanding of the connections between academic
fields and an interdisciplinary perspective in the preparation
of students interested in environmentally oriented career paths
in a wide diversity of disciplines.
Students and faculty in the ES program investigate the interrelationships
among cultural traditions, social change, and institutions,
and the physical and biological environment in which we live.
Because of their increasing complexity, emerging environmental
issues require knowledge, methods, and responses that flow from
many disciplines. Hence the program depends heavily on an appropriately
balanced understanding of many perspectives drawn from the natural
and social sciences, humanities, arts, and pre-professional
programs. Both the major and the minor culminate with an individually
structured capstone project that merges theory into practice
by employing the student's environmental skills and knowledge
in the examination and presentation of an environmental issue.
THE ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES MAJOR: As
a foundation for the major, all students must take ES100
and either ES104
or 105.
As a capstone to the major, students must take ES367/368
Junior Seminar in Environmental Studies, ES377/378
Senior Seminar in Environmental Studies, and an environmentally
approved 300-level capstone course with an environmentally focused
research experience or internship. In addition, ES majors must
meet the core requirements for one of the two ES tracks (i.e.,
Social & Cultural Perspectives or Environmental Science).
Students who major in ES and plan to attend graduate or professional
schools are encouraged to design programs of study that meet
admission requirements for graduate or professional schools
of their choice.
Social and Cultural Perspectives Track
The Social and Cultural Perspectives track draws upon disciplinary
and interdisciplinary foundations in the social sciences, humanities,
and arts to build understanding of how changes in the environment
affect social organization and cultural development. Conversely,
these courses also focus on how society and culture shape the
environment and on the consequences of that influence. This
track is well-suited for students interested in environmentally
related activities in literature, journalism, education, sustainable
development, policy and law, social service, public health,
and resource management.
Students in the Social and Cultural Perspectives track must
successfully complete at least thirty-nine to forty-two credits
in approved courses that count toward the ES major. In addition
to meeting the general requirements for the major, students
take a series of core courses (no more than two courses from
the same discipline; at least six credits at the 300 level):
four to five courses from ES Cluster A: Culture, Society and
the Environment (totaling at least fourteen credits); three
additional courses from ES Cluster B1: Exploring the Natural
World (at least one course with a lab; a total of ten to twelve
credits); and one course from ES Cluster C: Interface of the
Natural and Social Worlds (three to four credits). The faculty
also strongly recommend that students take MS104
Introduction to Statistics prior to enrolling in ES367/368
Junior Seminar and take an appropriate methods course from the
social sciences or humanities as preparation for the capstone
project.
Environmental Science Track
The Environmental Science Track affords study of the physical,
chemical, and biological aspects of environmental issues, and
to a significant degree, encourages exploration of how these
aspects influence and are influenced by people and institutions.
The courses in the core of this track provide students with
a foundation in environmental issues as seen from the perspectives
of the natural sciences and mathematics. This track is particularly
well-suited for students interested in careers that require
understanding of the scientific principles underlying environmental
issues.
Students in the Environmental Science track must successfully
complete at least forty-seven to fifty-six credits in approved
courses that count toward the ES major. In addition to meeting
the general requirements for the major, students take a series
of core courses, which begins with CH112
Environmental Chemistry (or CH105
& 106
Chemical Principles I & II), GE207
Environmental Geology, and BI240
Environmental Biology (a total of eleven to fifteen credits).
These three courses will provide a basis for understanding the
breadth of environmental science by examining environmental
issues through the lenses of the three natural science disciplines.
With this foundation in place, students will then explore the
natural sciences in upper-level courses, but will have a firm
comprehension of how the concepts apply to environmental science
in particular. In order to build depth within the core, students
will take a concentration of three courses within one natural
science discipline (i.e., biology, chemistry or geology) from
ES Cluster B2. Two of these courses must be at the 300 level,
the third must at least be 200 level, and two of the three must
be lab courses (a total of eleven to fourteen credits). In addition,
students are required to take one 300-level course from ES Cluster
B2 in a natural science discipline outside of the concentration
discipline (three to four credits), one course from ES Cluster
A: Culture, Society and Environment (three to four credits),
one course from ES Cluster C: Interface of the Natural and Social
Worlds (four credits), and MS104 Introduction to Statistics
(four credits).
THE ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES MINOR:
The minor requires completion of twenty-two to twenty-seven
credit hours including:
1. Foundation course: ES100,
Environmental Concerns in Perspective
2. Cluster A courses: Culture, Society, and the Environment
(six to eight credits)
3. Cluster B1 courses: Exploring the Natural World (six to eight
credits)
4. Cluster C courses: Interface of the Natural and Social Worlds
(three to four credits)
6. Capstone project
No more than two courses, including the capstone, taken in a
discipline may be counted for the ES minor. These requirements
apply to the classes of 2005 and later. Students in the class
of 2003 or 2004 should consult with program faculty or the ES
Web site.
CLUSTER A: Culture, Society, and the Environment
Courses in this cluster examine the social and cultural dimensions
of environmental issues. Drawing upon disciplinary and interdisciplinary
foundations in the social sciences, humanities, and arts, these
courses provide the student with an understanding of how changes
in the environment affect social organization and cultural development.
Courses in this cluster also examine how society and culture
affect the environment and influence human response to environmental
issues. Cluster A courses emphasize social and cultural perspectives
(i.e., social sciences, humanities, and arts), although concepts
in the natural sciences may be introduced as background material.
Cluster A courses apply to the ES minor and both tracks of the
ES major.
CLUSTER B1 AND B2: Exploring the Natural World
Courses in this cluster examine the physical and biological
aspects of environmental issues and, to a significant extent,
examine how these aspects influence and are influenced by people.
These courses offer students a scientific foundation in environmental
issues by drawing on disciplinary and interdisciplinary courses
in biology, chemistry, geology, mathematics, physics, and/or
other disciplines. Cluster B courses emphasize the natural sciences,
although social and cultural dimensions may be introduced as
background material. Cluster B1 courses apply to the ES minor
and the Social and Cultural Perspectives track of the ES major,
whereas the extended list of B2 courses applies to the Environmental
Science track of the ES major.
CLUSTER C: Interface of the Natural and Social Worlds
Courses in this cluster examine the interdisciplinary dimensions
of environmental issues by exploring the complex interrelationships
of the social and natural worlds. Cluster C courses give students
an interdisciplinary view of environmental issues by providing
a nearly equal emphasis on social and cultural perspectives
as well as natural science perspectives, and the relationship
of these perspectives to one another. These courses develop
an appreciation for and thoughtful response to environmental
issues by developing knowledge and skills forged through learning
and integration of the social sciences, natural sciences, humanities,
and arts. Cluster C courses apply to the ES minor and both tracks
of the ES major.
Capstone Project
The capstone experience is a three-credit (minimum) environmentally
focused research experience or internship course approved by
the Environmental Studies Steering Committee and, upon completion,
presented to the committee both orally and in writing in the
ES senior seminar. The ES Steering Committee approves proposed
capstone projects after submission of the capstone project proposal
form to the ES program director. Final approval of capstone
project proposals, both written and oral, will take place as
part of the course evaluation procedures in ES377/378
Senior Seminar in Environmental Studies. For the minor, the
capstone requirement is generally satisfied by a research course,
senior thesis, or internship in a department (courses numbered
371, 372, 375, 376, or 399 or ED351)
but may also be satisfied by ES371,
372,
or 399.
For the major, the capstone requirement is generally satisfied
by a research course, senior thesis, or internship, typically
ES371,
372,
or 399.
Environmental Studies Curriculum
ES 100. ENVIRONMENTAL
CONCERNS IN PERSPECTIVE 3
An interdisciplinary, multiple-perspective approach to the study
of environmental concerns. In this course, students study the
interaction of human beings and their social, political, and
economic institutions with the natural environment. Issues such
as air pollution, water pollution, and land management are discussed
from the perspectives of both the natural sciences and the social
sciences. Local, regional, national, international, and historical
perspectives on these issues are also discussed. Prerequisite:
QR1. J. Halstead, K. Kellogg ES 104. ECOLOGICAL
STUDIES IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 4
This course provides an introduction to basic ecological concepts
using the North Woods as a laboratory to explore these concepts.
Topics range from natural community structure and function to
ecosystem interactions. The course will also include an examination
of historical and present-day land-use patterns as a means of
synthesizing ecological concepts and demonstrating the interplay
of society, economics, and the environment. Three hours of lecture,
three hours of lab per week. Offered in the fall semester (Fulfills
natural sciences requirement.) K. Kellogg
ES 105. FIELD STUDIES
IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 4
An interdisciplinary approach to the study of environmental
issues. The primary focus of this course is the drinking water
supply for Saratoga Springs, Loughberry Lake. The source of
the lake's water, chemical characteristics of the lake, and
the nature of the land surrounding the lake are considered from
a geologic and chemical perspective. The course involves field
work and emphasizes the scientific method, techniques, and theories
used to measure and analyze changes in the environment. The
course also explores energy use and conservation and the effects
of an individual's lifestyle on the environment. Three hours
of lecture, three hours of lab a week. Prerequisite:
QR1. (Fulfills natural sciences requirement; fulfills QR2 requirement.)
S. Frey, K. Nichols ES 221. SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT 3 Examination of the tension between
the need for economic development by less developed countries
and the necessity to protect and preserve global environment.
We will explore both domestic issues facing developing countries
as they struggle to address their economic and environmental
problems, and how their relationship with the rest of the international
community influences their decisions. We will use various case
studies (e.g., international fisheries) to explore the interplay
between the environment, society, and economics on both local
and global levels. Prerequisite: QR2
K. Kellogg ES 231. A WORLD
OF VIEWS: CRITICAL THINKING AND THE ENVIRONMENT
3 An interdisciplinary approach to
the knowledge and analysis of environmental issues from an ethical,
social, aesthetic, political, and ecological perspective. Students
will examine topics including environmental justice, ecofeminism,
activism, religion and the environment, biodiversity, globalization,
deep ecology, animal rights, sense of place, and politics and
the environment. Where appropriate, global, national, and state
perspectives will be used to describe and understand contemporary
environmental issues. P. Michalec ES 251. TOPICS IN
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES 3
An interdisciplinary examination at the intermediate level of
a subject area in environmental studies not available in existing
course offerings. Specific topics vary by instructor, discipline,
program and semester. The course, in a different subject area,
may be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: Permission
of the director of the Environmental Studies Program
ES 281.
DISEASE AND THE ENVIRONMENT 3
An introduction to the study of the relationship between disease
and the environment. We will study the epidemic of cholera in
industrial Britain, the evidence linking smoking to lung disease,
the relationship between exposure to lead and developmental
problems in children, and other important cases in the history
of epidemiology that yielded a link to environmental causes.
We will continue using a "case study" approach to
examine current issues in environmental disease. Students will
be encouraged to learn problem-solving and technical skills
as they work together to prepare their own group case. Prerequisite:
QR2 U. Bray ES 351. ADVANCED
TOPICS IN ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES 3
An interdisciplinary examination at the advanced level of a
subject area in environmental studies not available in existing
course offerings. Specific topics vary by instructor, discipline,
program and semester. The course, in a different subject area,
may be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: Permission
of the director of the Environmental Studies Program. ES 367, 368. JUNIOR
SEMINAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES 1
A seminar required of all environmental studies majors during
their junior year and taken at least one semester before starting
the senior capstone project. Seminar discussion focuses on topics
in environmental studies and is designed to help students identify
senior research topics as well as enhance students' research,
written and oral communication skills relating to environmental
studies. The course includes presentations and discussions by
students and guest lecturers, field trips, and a community service
project. The course culminates in the presentation of preliminary
research proposals for senior capstone projects. Seminar participants
must attend senior capstone project presentations. The course
is offered on a satisfactory/unsatisfactory basis. Prerequisite:
Declared environmental studies major. ES 371, 372. INDEPENDENT
STUDY 3, 3
An opportunity for qualified students to pursue independent
study or research in environmental studies under the supervision
of an appropriate faculty member. The written study proposal
must be approved by the Environmental Studies Steering Committee.
ES 375. CASE STUDIES IN ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY 4
A research-oriented capstone course required of all environmental
studies majors during their senior year. Building on
ES367/368 Junior
Seminar in Environmental Studies, this course is designed to enhance
students’ research, written and oral communication skills relating to
environmental studies, and to strengthen their awareness of
environmentally related issues by engaging students in a semester long
service-learning project. Case studies and contemporary readings will
serve as a foundation for discussion related to the service-learning
project in the course, while primary literature will be used to guide
students through the appropriate methodologies for the project. The
course culminates in the presentation of the service-learning project to
environmental studies faculty, students, and community members.
Prerequisite:
ES367/368
ES affiliated faculty member
ES 377, 378. SENIOR
SEMINAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
1
A seminar required of all environmental studies majors and minors
during the semester that they make final oral and written presentations
of their senior capstone project to the Environmental Studies
Committee. Building on the junior seminar, this course is designed
to enhance students' research, written and oral communication
skills relating to environmental studies, and to strengthen
their awareness of environmentally related issues and professional
opportunities. The course includes presentations and discussions
by students and guest lecturers, instruction on library research,
writing, and oral presentation skills, field trips, and a community
service project. Students present project ideas at the preliminary
meeting and are evaluated on their research process, participation,
and oral presentation. The course culminates in the presentation
of senior capstone projects to environmental studies faculty,
students, and the community. The course is offered on a satisfactory/unsatisfactory
basis. ES 399. PROFESSIONAL
INTERNSHIP IN ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
3, 6
Interdisciplinary professional experience at an advanced level
for juniors or seniors with substantial academic experience
in environmental studies. With faculty sponsorship and Environmental
Studies Steering Committee approval, students may extend their
educational experience in environmentally related interdisciplinary
areas such as environmental consulting, environmental advocacy,
environmental law, and environmental outreach.
Cluster Courses
Foundation course
for the ES minor and major: ES
100
Environmental Concerns in Perspective
Cluster A AM
232H
New England Begins AM
250A
Regional Culture: "The Hudson River" AM
250B
Regional Culture: "The West" AM
250D
Regional Culture: "New England" AM
260B
The Machine in the Garden EC
316
Economics of Development EC
343
Environmental & Resource Economics EN
363B
Literature and the Environment EN
378
Romanticism and Environmentalism in Britain GO
251C
Environmental Politics and Policy GO
338
International Diplomatic Negotiations GO
339
International Political Economy and the Environment GO
355
African Politics GO
356
Africa in International Affairs HI
107B
U.S. Environmental History HI
215A
Topics: U.S. Environmental History IA
101
International Affairs Core Course LS2
137
Business & the Natural Environment PH
230
Topics: Environmental Ethics SO
201
Social Issues SO
331
Women in the Global Ecomony
Cluster B1 BI
140
Marine Biology BI
160
Conservation Biology BI
180
Economic Botany BI
190
Population Biology BI
240
Environmental Biology BI
317
Ecology BI
325
Tropical Ecology BI
327
Conservation Ecology w/o lab BI
370
Computer Modeling of Biological Systems CH
111
Environmental Chemistry w/o lab CH
112
Environmental Chemistry w/ lab ES 104
Ecological Studies in Environmental Science ES 105
Field Studies in Environmental Science GE
101
Earth Systems Science GE
112
Oceanography: Introduction to the Marine Environment GE
113H
Dangerous Earth GE
115
Climatology GE
207
Environmental Geology
Cluster B2 BI
237
Plant Biology BI
307
Ornithology BI
317
Ecology BI
324
Evolution BI
325
Tropical Ecology BI
327
Conservation Ecology w/o lab BI
338
Plant Biotechnology BI
370
Computer Modeling of Biological Systems CH
221
Organic Chemistry I CH
222
Organic Chemistry II CH
303
Modern Analytical Chemistry CH
353
Topics in Environmental Chemistry GE
204
Structural Geology GE
301
Hydrogeologic Systems GE
304
Geomorphology GE
309
Field Techniques GE
311
Paleoclimatology GE
315
Sedimentology GE
316 Stratigraphy
Cluster C AN
344
Anthropology & Environmental Health AN
345
Ecological Anthropology ES 221
Sustainable Development ES 231
A World of Views: Critical Thinking and the Environment ES 281
Disease in the Environment LS2
103
Science, Technology, & National Security LS2
114
Crises in Life: Theory and Practice of Mass Extinction LS2
146
Environmental Issues LS2
160
A Green World: Human/Plant Coevolution LS2
166
Human Interaction with the Land LS2
207
Seeds of Change LS2
213
Radiation and the Environment
