Chair of the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures: Patricia Rubio

Professors: John Anzalone; Giuseppe Faustini; Hédi A. Jaouad; Mary-Elizabeth O'Brien; Patricia Rubio, Class of 1967 Term Professor

Associate Professors: Grace Burton, Mao Chen, Michael Mudrovic, Viviana Rangil, Shirley Smith, Marc-André Wiesmann, Adrienne Zuerner

Assistant Professor: Maria Fernanda Lander

Visiting Assistant Professors: Diana Barnes, David Castronuovo, Patricia Han, Beatriz Loyola, Masami Tamagawa, George Zhao

Lecturers: Cynthia Evans, Charlene Grant, Helene Andrieu-Pafundi, David Wildermuth

Study-Abroad Lecturers: Angel Berenguer, Joan Berenguer

Visiting instructor: Masako Inamoto

Foreign Language Resource Center Director: Cynthia Evans

Self-Instructional Languages Coordinator: Giuseppe Faustini

Self-Instructional Language Assistants: *Katia Ferreira, *Katya Kats, *Regina Hartmann, Jinyoung Mason, Sarit Moskowitz, *Polina Shvartsman

The principal aims of the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures are to develop in the student an ability to understand, speak, and write the languages of his or her choice, and to read with appreciation literary and cultural texts in the foreign languages. The study of a foreign language enables students to understand a foreign culture and to broaden perspectives on their own culture.

The department is the primary resource for the college's language requirement. Any course taken at the appropriate level in a foreign language (i.e., not in translation) fulfills the foreign literature and language requirement.

Advanced literature courses provide students with the skills needed to interpret texts linguistically, stylistically, and historically and enable them to gain knowledge of major periods, authors, and genres of literature. Courses in culture and civilization explore major achievements in art, history, politics, economics, media, and intellectual history as well as issues of gender and race. Advanced language courses provide practical skills for specific purposes such as translation, business, and other professional applications.

Students should refer to the guidelines below for placement into language courses according to the Web-based placement exam and the SAT II language exams. Students with a minimum of one year of prior language study are excluded from taking a 101 course. Students with a score of 3 on an AP test should enroll in courses above the 203 level, usually a composition or conversation course.

Students can take the Web-based placement exam at any time. Entering students will receive information on accessing the exam in a summer mailing and can also contact the department for information. For placement into languages other than French, German, and Spanish, contact the appropriate faculty in the Departments of Foreign Languages and Literatures or Classics.

WebCAPE Placement Exams for French, German, and Spanish:

0–339: French 102, German 102 or 103, Spanish 103

340–390: French, German, and Spanish 203

391 and above: French, German, and Spanish courses above the 203 level

SAT II Foreign Language Exams:

0–490: French 102, German and Italian 102 or 103, Spanish 103

500–560: Chinese, French, German, Italian, Japanese, and Spanish 203

570 and above: Chinese, French, German, Italian, Japanese, and Spanish courses above the 203 level

Students with a score of 3 or higher on an AP test should enroll in courses above the 203 level. Students with scores on an AP test of 4 or 5 may receive general elective credit toward graduation.

The department supports academic and extracurricular programs both on the campus and abroad in order to enhance understanding of foreign languages and cultures. Department faculty are key advisors in such self-determined majors as Italian, and they are committed to participating in such college interdisciplinary programs as Asian Studies, International Affairs, Latin American Studies, and Women's Studies. The department is committed to offering less commonly taught languages through the self-instructional language program.

Since the department offers a rotation of advanced courses in French, German, and Spanish, students desiring a major in one of these languages should begin as sophomores to plan their programs for their junior and senior years.

Students majoring in the department are expected to acquire fluency and accuracy in one or more of the modern languages; a general knowledge of the civilization and culture that the language expresses; an ability to interpret texts linguistically, stylistically, and historically; and an intensive knowledge of certain, defined periods of literature.

THE FRENCH MAJOR: Students majoring in French fulfill the departmental requirements by completing a minimum of nine courses totaling not less than thirty credit hours, including FF208 and 210; one course covering material prior to 1800 from among FF213, 214, 216, 224; one course covering material after 1800 from FF219, 221, 223; Senior Seminar, FF376; two additional French courses above FF206; and two additional French courses at the 300 level.

THE GERMAN MAJOR: Students majoring in German fulfill the departmental requirements by completing a minimum of nine courses totaling not less than thirty credit hours, including FG208 and 215; FG376; six additional courses above FG203 (one course may be designated FL).

THE SPANISH MAJOR: Students majoring in Spanish fulfill the departmental requirements by completing a minimum of nine courses totaling not less than thirty credit hours, none in translation, including FS208, 211, and 212; at least one course from among FS313, 314, 317, 334; at least one course from among FS319, 320, 321, 330; FS376; and three additional courses above FS203.

FRENCH AREA STUDIES PROGRAM: Students may elect a program designed to incorporate several aspects of French culture in order to develop in-depth knowledge of the country and civilization. Each student will work out an individual nine-course program totaling not less than thirty credit hours, as approved by the department, that includes three courses from among FF213, 214, 216, 219, 221, 223, 224; three courses on French topics from other departments; and three 300-level courses including FF374 or 376. Students in this program may elect a concentration in a particular period or a particular topic, for example: France in the nineteenth century, the status of women, the role of money, or the tradition of revolution in France.

INTERDEPARTMENTAL MAJORS: In conjunction with the relevant departments, the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures offers majors in business-French, business-German, business-Spanish; economics-French, economics-German, economics-Spanish; English-French, English-German, English-Spanish; government-French, government-German, and government-Spanish. See Interdepartmental Majors.

HONORS: To be eligible for departmental honors, a student must write a thesis in the foreign language and pass an oral defense of the thesis, complete courses 374 in German and Spanish and 373 and 374 in French with a grade of A- or better, and have at least a 3.5 average in the major. Outstanding students of French are also eligible for nomination to the Nu Iota chapter of Pi Delta Phi, the national French honor society. Outstanding students of Spanish are eligible for nomination to Sigma Delta Pi, the national Spanish honor society.

THE FRENCH MINOR: The minor program consists of a minimum of five courses above FF203 totaling not less than eighteen credit hours, including FF206, 208, and 210; one course covering material prior to 1800 from among FF213, 214, 216, or 224; one course covering material from after 1800 from FF219, 221, or 223; and one course at the 300 level in French language, literature, or civilization. At least three of the courses must be taken at Skidmore.

THE GERMAN MINOR: The minor program consists of a minimum of five courses totaling not less than eighteen credit hours, including FG208 and 215; three other courses beyond FG203 in German language, literature, or civilization (one course may be designated FL). At least three of the courses must be taken at Skidmore.

THE ITALIAN MINOR: The minor program consists of a minimum of five courses totaling not less than eighteen credit hours, including FI208 and FI310; a minimum of eleven more credit hours beyond FI203 in Italian language, literature, or civilization (one course may be designated FL). At least three of the courses must be taken at Skidmore.

THE SPANISH MINOR: The minor program consists of a minimum of five courses above FS203 totaling not less than eighteen credit hours, none in translation, including FS208, 211, and 212. At least three of the courses must be taken at Skidmore.

CLASSICAL LANGUAGES: Instruction in classical Greek and Latin is offered through the advanced level. For the course listings and requirements for the classics major and minor, see Classics.

SELF-INSTRUCTIONAL LANGUAGES: Instruction in Arabic, Hebrew, Hindi, Korean, Portuguese, and Russian is offered on an independent study basis. The student works with textbooks and tapes and meets with a native tutor for two hours a week of oral practice. A final examination is given by an outside examiner approved by the National Association of Self-Instructional Language Programs from a neighboring university. Students interested in pursuing these courses should consult with Professor Faustini in the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures before spring registration for the following academic year.

FOREIGN LANGUAGE RESOURCE CENTER: The FLRC, located in Bolton 380-381, accommodates foreign language, literature, and culture classes that meet regularly in the multimedia classroom and provides resources for foreign language study to the Skidmore community. The facility includes a twenty-station multimedia Mac lab/classroom designed for use by classes or as an open lab in the evenings. The room is equipped with an interactive Smartboard and multi-region DVD and VCR players with large screen projection. The student stations also include webcams and headsets with microphones for intensive language practice and multimedia production. In addition to the multimedia classroom, the FLRC has an open study area with four computer workstations for use by students on a drop-in basis. The lab also offers a lounge area for viewing foreign videos (multi-region VHS and DVD) and TV from foreign stations received by satellite. A center work area houses resources for language learning and a workstation for student assistants. An adjacent workroom provides three additional workstations with hardware and software to support the production of multimedia projects.

PARIS CHAMBER OF COMMERCE EXAMINATIONS: The department encourages qualified students of economics and business to take the Certificat Pratique de Français Commercial et Economique or the Diplôme Supérieur de Français des Affaires offered by the Chambre de Commerce et d'Industrie de Paris. Both the Certificat and the Diplôme attest to students' knowledge of business French and to their ability to express themselves orally and in writing. The department gives these Paris Chamber of Commerce examinations annually.

GERMAN FOR BUSINESS CERTIFICATION: The department encourages qualified students of economics and business to take the Zertifikat Deutsch für den Beruf (ZDfB). This examination, jointly developed by the Goethe Institute and the Deutscher Volkshochschulverband, attests to students' knowledge of business German and their ability to express themselves orally and in writing. The department administers the ZDfB examination annually.

PROGRAMS ABROAD: The department encourages qualified students to participate in Skidmore's programs in Paris or Madrid and to take advantage of accredited programs in Germany, Italy, and Spanish America.

Courses offered in English are designated FL.


CHINESE

FC 101.    ELEMENTARY CHINESE I    4
An introduction to spoken and written Chinese emphasizing cultural perspectives. Linguistic emphasis is on basic grammar, vocabulary, and the development of reading, conversation, and writing skills while learning about the culture of China. Four hours of class, one hour of drill or tutorial. Presupposes no previous study of Chinese.    M. Chen

FC 102.    ELEMENTARY CHINESE II    3
Continuation of FC101. Further development of basic grammar, reading, conversation, and writing skills while focusing on cultural materials from China. Three hours of class, one hour of drill or tutorial.    M. Chen

FC 203.    INTERMEDIATE CHINESE    3
Continuing study of the structures of the Chinese language. Extensive practice in conversation and writing. Vocabulary building through the reading of appropriate texts in the literature and culture. Three hours of class and one hour of lab. Prerequisite: FC102 or permission of the department.    M. Chen

FC 204.    BUSINESS CHINESE    3
Intermediate Chinese language and culture with an emphasis on listening, speaking, reading, writing, and translating in the context of business. Designed for students who are interested in doing business with the Chinese-speaking community and in further improving their Chinese language proficiency. Students will develop cultural competence in the contexts of actual business situations, and will learn commonly used commercial terms, phrases, sentence patterns, and cultural background. Prerequisite: FC203 or permission of the department.    M. Chen

FC 206.    CHINESE LANGUAGE AND CULTURE    3
Development of Chinese skills at the advanced intermediate level. Extensive practice in idioms. Development of vocabulary and reading skills necessary for communication at native speed. Texts include contemporary news materials, film, Internet sources, literature, and music. Prerequisite: FC203 or permission of the department. (Designated a non-Western culture course.)    M. Chen

FC 208.    ADVANCED CHINESE CONVERSATION AND COMPOSITION    3
Intensive practice in daily use of Chinese in a cultural context. Review of grammar, idioms, vocabulary, and writing skills. Prerequisite: FC203 or permission of the instructor.    M. Chen

FC 220.    LANGUAGE ACROSS THE CURRICULUM    1
A course designed for students who want to use their foreign language skills in any course taught in English at the college. Does not fulfill the foreign language distribution requirement or count toward the major or minor in foreign languages and literature. Prerequisite: FC203 or permission of the department. Must be taken S/U. Can be repeated for credit.    The Department

FC 271, 272.    CHINESE LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE DISCUSSION    1
A discussion group about an author, a period, a genre, a topic, a translation, or a research project in conjunction with another course. Can be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: FC208 or permission of the department.    M. Chen

FC 302.    MODERN CHINA    3
Study of Chinese at the advanced level with further emphasis on developing literacy skills in reading and writing and cultural literacy, through a variety of texts from the humanities, social sciences, business, and mass media. Students will continue to enhance communication skills in listening and speaking. Assignments include class projects, in-class oral presentations, skits, and written compositions. By the end of the course, students are expected to be able to discuss various topics related to the ones in the textbook and to write multi-paragraph compositions. Classes are conducted in Chinese. Students taking this course are expected to commit substantial time outside of class to fulfilling the course requirements. Course must enroll at least five students to be offered. Prerequisite: FC208 or permission of instructor.    M. Chen

FC 340.    ADVANCED LANGUAGES ACROSS THE CURRICULUM    2
Application and development of Chinese language skills in conjunction with any course taught in English at the college. Students will read, report, discuss and write about sophisticated materials in the disciplines, and learn how to translate them to and from English. Does not fulfill the foreign language distribution requirement in foreign languages and literatures. Can be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: FC208 or above.    The Department

FC 363.    SPECIAL STUDIES IN CHINESE    4
Advanced literary or critical study in an author, a genre, a period, or a topic. Texts may include literature, newspaper articles, television dramas, films, poetry, painting, and music. Prerequisite: permission of instructor. (Designated a non-Western culture course.) Course must enroll at least five students to be offered.    M. Chen

FC 371, 372.    INDEPENDENT STUDY    3
Individual study projects under the guidance of the department.    M. Chen


FRENCH

Courses in Language

FF 101.    ELEMENTARY FRENCH I    4
An introduction to spoken and written French emphasizing cultural perspectives. Linguistic emphasis is on basic grammar, vocabulary, and the development of reading, conversation, and writing skills while learning about the cultures of France and the Francophone world. Four hours of class, one hour of drill or tutorial. Presupposes no previous study of French.    The Department

FF 102.    ELEMENTARY FRENCH II    3
Continuation of FF 101. Further development of basic grammar, reading, conversation, and writing skills while focusing on cultural materials from France and the Francophone World. Three hours of class.    The Department

FF 203.    INTENSIVE INTERMEDIATE FRENCH    4
Continuing intensive study of the structures of the French language. Extensive practice in conversation and writing. Vocabulary building through the reading of appropriate texts in the literature and culture. Four hours of class and one hour of lab.    The Department

FF 206.    FRENCH CULTURAL CONVERSATIONS    3
Development of nonliterary, informal spoken vocabulary, and expressions used in everyday situations. Extensive practice in conversational idioms and work on accent and intonation. Prerequisite: FF203 or two years of high-school French or equivalent or permission of instructor.    The Department


The following courses satisfy major requirements.

FF 208.    WRITING IN FRENCH    4
Review of grammar, idioms, and vocabulary. Intensive practice in writing short essays. Prerequisite: FF203 or 206 or permission of instructor. This course is required for the major.    The Department

FF 210.    INTRODUCTION TO FRENCH LITERATURE    4
Reading and discussion of literary texts in the major genres: poetry, theater, and prose through close textual analysis. This course emphasizes the development of the analytical skills involved in doing a close reading and the critical skill needed for writing explications de texte. Regular papers required. Prerequisite: FF203 or permission of the instructor. This course is required for the major in French. (Fulfills humanities requirement.)    The Department

FF 220.    LANGUAGE ACROSS THE CURRICULUM    1
A course designed for students who want to use their foreign language skills in any course taught in English at the college. Does not fulfill the foreign language distribution requirement or count toward the major or minor in foreign languages and literature. Prerequisite: FF203. Must be taken S/U. Can be repeated for credit.    The Department

FF 228.    LANGUAGE AND PHONETICS    3
Students will study the historical development of the French language over the centuries, from its roots in vulgar Latin to its codification with the Academie Francaise to the contemporary debate over the increasing influence of English. Language holds a particularly important place in French culture, and an understanding of the rules governing its pronunciation, and of the differences between the written and spoken language, is vital to fully appreciating the culture. Through intensive training in phonetic transcription and the principles of intonation and syllabification, students will improve their pronunciation and reading skills and will learn to better appreciate the relationship of language and culture in France. Prerequisite: FF208.    P. Han, The Department

FF 301.    BUSINESS FRENCH    3
Study of communication and cultural understanding in commercial transactions of everyday French life. The course covers such topics as real estate, management, advertising, marketing, insurance, personnel relations, banking, imports and exports, and doing business in France. These topics will be considered in the context of the geography of France, its agriculture and industrial production, its trade, transportation and taxation systems. Students will be encouraged to take the Paris Chamber of Commerce exam at the end of the semester. Required for business-French major. Prerequisite: FF208 or permission of instructor.    M. Wiesmann

FF 304.    ADVANCED CONVERSATION AND PRONUNCIATION    3
Development of oral and written skills to increase active vocabulary, fluency, and the use of authentic French structures through reading and discussion of issues in contemporary French society. Topics include immigration, unemployment, gender distinctions, changing family patterns, education, and political parties in the "hexagon." Some attention to the influence of the European community on French life.    H. Jaouad

FF 306.    TRANSLATION AND STYLISTICS    3
A translation course for the study of the structure of the French language through comparative examination of vocabulary, grammar, and cultural influences. The course provides extensive practice of the traditional exercise of thème et version (translations back and forth of texts from a variety of disciplines) to develop an awareness of the idiomatic distinctions of French and English, the variety of written styles and what constitutes one's own prose expression. Prerequisite: FF208 or consent of instructor.    J. Anzalone

FF 340.    ADVANCED LANGUAGES ACROSS THE CURRICULUM    2
Students apply and develop their French language skills in conjunction with any course taught in English at the college. Students will read, report, discuss and write about sophisticated materials in the disciplines, and learn how to translate them to and from English. Does not fulfill the foreign language distribution requirement in foreign languages and literatures. Can be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: FF208.    The Department


Courses in Literature and Civilization

FF 213.    MEDIEVAL AND RENAISSANCE FRENCH LITERATURE    4
A survey of medieval and Renaissance French literature focusing on the origins and development of epic and lyric poetry, theater, and prose, including the essai. Readings will include such works and authors as La Chanson de Roland, Chrétien de Troyes, Marie de France, Christine de Pisan, Villon, La Farce de Maître Pathelin, Le Roman de la Rose, Marguerite de Navarre, Ronsard, Du Bellay, Louise Labé, Rabelais, and Montaigne. Prerequisite: FF210 or permission of the instructor. Offered in alternate years. (Fulfills humanities requirement.)    M. Wiesmann

FF 214.    FRENCH LITERATURE OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY    4
Introduction to the concepts of classic and baroque, including social, artistic, and intellectual developments in the seventeenth century through study of the masterpieces of such authors as Corneille, Racine, Moliere, Pascal, Descartes, Mme. de Sévigné, La Fontaine, La Rochefoucauld, and Mme. de Lafayette. Prerequisite: FF210 or permission of instructor. (Fulfills humanities requirement.)    A. Zuerner

FF 216.    FRENCH LITERATURE OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY    4
Study of the social, intellectual and artistic development of the Enlightenment in the works of such authors as Montesquieu, Mme. de Graffigny, Voltaire, Rousseau, Diderot, Lesage, Marivaux, Beaumarchais, Mme. Roland, and Olympe de Gouges. Spring semester. Prerequisite: FF210 or permission of instructor. (Fulfills humanities requirement.)    M. Wiesmann or A. Zuerner

FF 219.    LITERATURE AND CULTURE OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY    4
Introduction to the social, intellectual, and artistic developments of the nineteenth century through study of the literary masterpieces of such poets, playwrights, and novelists as Chateaubriand, Mme. de Staël, Lamartine, Hugo, Vigny, Balzac, Sand, Baudelaire, Flaubert, Zola, Rimbaud, and Mallarmé. Fall semester. Prerequisite: FF210 or permission of instructor. (Fulfills humanities requirement.)    J. Anzalone or P. Han

FF 221.    TWENTIETH-CENTURY LITERATURE    4
Introduction to the poetry, novels and plays of France through study of the works of such writers as Gide, Apollinaire, Proust, Cocteau, Mauriac, de Beauvoir, Sartre, Beckett, Aragon, Duras, Sarraute, and Robbe-Grillet. The course will also focus on contemporary artistic, social, and intellectual trends since 1890. Spring semester. Prerequisite: FF210 or permission of instructor. (Fulfills humanities requirement.)    H. Jaouad

FF 223.    INTRODUCTION TO ISSUES IN THE FRANCOPHONE WORLD    4
Study of aspects of the Francophone world (Caribbean, Africa, Canada) with particular emphasis on historical, political, and social problems. Reading and discussion of texts and documents from a variety of sources. Practice in writing critical and literary essays. Prerequisite: FF210 or permission of instructor. (Designated a non-Western culture course.)    H. Jaouad

FF 224.    FRENCH CIVILIZATION FROM GAUL TO 1815    4
French culture and civilization from the Gallo-Roman period to the 1789 revolution and its immediate aftermath. This course will trace the succession of broad political and societal phenomena defined by traditional historians, employing a spectrum of documents representative of social, gender and religious diversity. These documents will draw equally from music, painting, science, philosophy, and literature. Through a series of films we will question the interplay between "history" and its representations. (Fulfills humanities requirement.)    M. Wiesmann

FF 225.    PAINTERS AND WRITERS    4
A survey of the rich interaction that exists in French culture between writers and visual artists, mostly painters, from the Renaissance through the twentieth century. Since the sixteenth century, French writers have reflected upon the practices and productions of painters. In a multiplicity of literary genres (poems, short stories, novels, essays), they have left a body of work that theoretically uses the visual artist's craft as a means to explore the singularities of their own literary practices. Using this thematic thread that familiarizes students with different modes of French thought, culture, and writing, this course develops students' analytical skills in the reading of literary texts while exposing them to major figures of French painting. Prerequisites: FF208 and FF210. (Fulfills humanities requirement.)    M. Wiesmann

FF 263.    SPECIAL TOPICS IN FRENCH    3
Literary or cultural study at an introductory to intermediate level of an author, a genre, a period, or a topic. Topics will vary from semester to semester. Prerequisites: FF208 or FF210 or permission of the department.    The Department

FF 271, 272.    FRENCH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE DISCUSSION    1
A discussion group about an author, a period, a genre, a topic, a translation, or a research project in conjunction with another course. Can be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: FF208 or permission of the department.    The Department

FF 309.    FICTION AND IDENTITY IN QUEBEC    3
Students will analyze the development of Quebecois identity over the span of Quebec's history through close study of works of fiction from the rise of patriotism and terroirisme to the social and political critiques of the Quiet Revolution. Students will gain an understanding of the identity question in Quebec through examination of literature that has played a key role in shaping the concept of "quebecitude." Prerequisite: FF210.    C. Evans

FF 316.    FRENCH POETRY    3
Study of fundamentals and development of the French poetic form through close textual analysis of representative poets and major movements. Prerequisite: FF214 or 216, 219 or 221, or consent of instructor. Offered in alternate years.    J. Anzalone

FF 317.    FRENCH NARRATIVE PROSE    3
Exploration of major themes and techniques of narrative fiction as it has developed in French-speaking cultures. Prerequisite: FF214 or 216, 219 or 221, or consent of instructor. Offered in alternate years.    M. Wiesmann

FF 318.    FRENCH DRAMATIC LITERATURE    3
Study of dramatic techniques and themes through careful examination of representative texts and attention to the role of the theater in French culture. Prerequisite: FF214 or 216, 219 or 221, or consent of instructor. Offered alternate years.    The Department

FF 332.    SURREALISM    3
Study of surrealism as an historical and ontological movement through analysis of poetry, novel, cinema, theater, and painting. The course examines the impact of surrealism on current literary, critical, and artistic expressions. Prerequisite: FF210 or permission of the instructor.    H. Jaouad

FF 363.    SPECIAL STUDIES IN FRENCH    3
Advanced literary or cultural study in an author, a genre, a period, or a topic. Prerequisite: permission of instructor.    The Department

FF 371, 372.    INDEPENDENT STUDY    3, 3
Individual study projects under the guidance of the department.    The Department

FF 373.    PREPARATION FOR SENIOR THESIS    3
Required for all second-semester junior or first-semester senior French majors who intend to write a thesis (FF374). Under the direction of a thesis advisor, the student reads extensively in primary and secondary sources related to the proposed thesis topic, develops research skills, and brings the thesis topic into focus by writing an outline and a series of brief papers that contribute to the thesis. Prerequisites: FF208, 210, and second-semester junior or first-semester senior status.    The Department

FF 374.    THESIS    3
An extended research project culminating in a paper based on readings and extensive individual conferences. Required of all majors who wish to be considered for departmental honors. Prerequisite: FF376, senior standing, permission of instructor, and 3.5 GPA in the major.    The Department

FF 376.    SEMINAR    3
A detailed study of an author, a period, or theme prominent in France, Africa, Canada, or the French speaking countries of the Caribbean. Frequent oral reports. Close attention to development, organization, and writing of an extensive paper. Prerequisite: Senior status.    The Department


GERMAN

Courses in Language

FG 101.    ELEMENTARY GERMAN I    4
An introduction to spoken and written German emphasizing cultural perspectives. Linguistic emphasis is on basic grammar, vocabulary, and the development of reading, conversation, and writing skills while learning about the culture of German-speaking countries. Four hours of class, one hour of drill or tutorial. Presupposes no previous study of German.    The Department

FG 111.    BEGINNING BUSINESS GERMAN    4
An introduction to German language and culture in the context of business. Students learn the elementary German language skills needed to understand and perform basic business transactions, read texts related to business, write a resume and rudimentary business correspondence, and understand the culture of business in the German-speaking world. Four hours of class, one hour of drill or tutorial. Presupposes no previous study of German. Prepares students to continue the study of German at the level of FG 203.    M. O'Brien

FG 102.    ELEMENTARY GERMAN II    3
Continuation of FG 101. Further development of basic grammar, reading, conversation, and writing skills while focusing on cultural materials from German-speaking countries. Three hours of class, one hour of drill or tutorial.    The Department

FG 103.    INTENSIVE ELEMENTARY GERMAN    4
Intensive review of introductory reading, speaking, oral comprehension, and grammatical structures of the language for those with some experience in the fundamentals but who still need to acquire the competency expected at the completion of FG102. Four hours of class, one hour of lab. Prerequisite: one year of high-school German or permission of department.    The Department

FG 203.    INTERMEDIATE GERMAN    3
Continuing study of the structures of the German language. Extensive practice in conversation and writing. Vocabulary building through the reading of appropriate texts in the literature and culture. Three hours of class and one hour of lab. Prerequisite: FG102 or 103.    The Department

FG 206.    GERMAN LANGUAGE AND CULTURE    3
Development of German skills at the advanced intermediate level. Extensive practice in idioms. Development of vocabulary and reading skills necessary for communication at native speed. Texts include contemporary news materials, film, Internet sources, literature, and music. Prerequisite: FG203 or permission of the department.    The Department

FG 208.    GERMAN CONVERSATION AND COMPOSITION    4
Intensive practice in daily use of German in a cultural context. Review of idioms, vocabulary, and writing skills. Prerequisite: FG203 or permission of instructor.    The Department

FG 220.    LANGUAGE ACROSS THE CURRICULUM    1
A course designed for students who want to use their foreign language skills in any course taught in English at the college. Does not fulfill the foreign language distribution requirement, but counts toward the major and minor in German. Prerequisite: FG203. Must be taken S/U. Can be repeated for credit.    The Department

FG 263.    SPECIAL TOPICS IN GERMAN    3
Literary or cultural study at an introductory to intermediate level of an author, a genre, a period, or a topic. Topics will vary from semester to semester. Prerequisite: FG208 or permission of instructor.    The Department

FG 271, 272.    GERMAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE DISCUSSION    1
A discussion group about an author, a period, a genre, a topic, a translation, or a research project in conjunction with another course. Can be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: FG208 or permission of the department.    The Department

FG 301.    BUSINESS GERMAN    3
An introduction to business institutions in Germany. The course focuses on economic geography, correspondence, and government requirements for business, as well as vocabulary used in banking, stock market, insurance, communications, and export and import. Primarily for students majoring in German and business. Prerequisite: FG206 or 208.    M. O'Brien

FG 304.    ADVANCED GERMAN COMPOSITION AND CONVERSATION    4
Intensive practice of oral and written German to increase active vocabulary and fluency in German and to develop further and refine writing skills. Three hours of class. Prerequisite: FG208 or permission of instructor.    M. O'Brien

FG 340.    ADVANCED LANGUAGES ACROSS THE CURRICULUM    2
Students apply and develop their German language skills in conjunction with any course taught in English at the college. Students will read, report, discuss and write about sophisticated materials in the disciplines, and learn how to translate them to and from English. Does not fulfill the foreign language distribution requirement in foreign languages and literatures. Can be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: FG206.    The Department


Courses in Literature and Civilization

FG 215.    INTRODUCTION TO GERMAN LITERATURE    4
An introduction to the development of German literature from the Age of Enlightenment to the present focusing on major authors (Lessing, Goethe, Schiller, Hoffmann, Kafka, Brecht, Wolf) and literary movements. Prerequisite: FG203 or permission of instructor. This course is required for the major in German. Offered in alternate years. (Fulfills humanities requirement.)    M. O'Brien

FG 216.    CONTEMPORARY GERMAN CULTURE    4
An exploration of life, art, and politics in Germany since the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989. Topics include German reunification, political parties and current debates, the problematic relationship between Ossis and Wessis, multiculturalism, the Berlin art scene, film, visual arts, and music.    M. O'Brien

FG 341.    THE AGE OF GOETHE    4
A study of the major works of Goethe, Schiller, and Lessing to show how they reflect major intellectual ideas of their time. Particular attention will be given to the transition from the so-called Classical to the Romantic period: the critique of the Classical by Romantic authors, the elevation of music as the highest form of artistic expression, the origins of psychology and "modernism" in the subjective irrationalism of the Romantics. An examination of the artistic, intellectual, and cultural trends of the period 1749-1832 through the study of the works of Goethe, Schiller, and their contemporaries. Prerequisite: FG215 or permission of instructor.    M. O'Brien

FG 343.    THE GERMAN NOVEL    3
An exploration of great German novels from Goethe to the present. Students will encounter a variety of critical approaches for the study of major texts from authors such as Goethe, Kafka, Mann, Döblin, Böll, and Grass.    M. O'Brien

FG 356.    THEATER IN THE GERMAN-SPEAKING WORLD    3
Theater and its cultural impact in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Topics include social drama, operatic spectacles, epic theater, cabaret, post-war and contemporary experimental theater and performance art. Works from such dramatists as Büchner, Wagner, Brecht, Weiss, Handke, and Müller will be examined.    M. O'Brien

FG 357.    GERMAN LITERATURE OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY    4
A critical study of German poetry, drama, and prose in the twentieth century with emphasis on major artistic and sociopolitical movements. Readings vary from year to year but usually include works by Mann, Brecht, Sachs, Hesse, Böll, Grass, Bachmann, and Wolf. Prerequisite: FG215 or permission of instructor.    M. O'Brien

FG 363.    SPECIAL STUDIES IN GERMAN    3
Advanced literary or cultural study in an author, a genre, a period, or a topic. Prerequisite: permission of instructor.    The Department

FG 371, 372.    INDEPENDENT STUDY    3, 3
Individual study projects under the guidance of the department.    The Department

FG 374.    THESIS    3
An extended research project culminating in a paper based on readings and extensive individual conferences. Required of all majors who wish to be considered for departmental honors. Prerequisite: FG376, senior standing, permission of instructor, and 3.5 GPA in the major.    The Department

FG 376.    SEMINAR    4
The study of an author, a period, or topic prominent in the literature of Germany, Austria, or Switzerland. Close attention to the development, organization, and writing of an extensive paper. Prerequisite: Senior status.    M.E. O'Brien


GREEK

For complete course listings, see Classics.


ITALIAN

Courses in Language

FI 101.    ELEMENTARY ITALIAN I    4
An introduction to spoken and written Italian emphasizing cultural perspectives. Linguistic emphasis is on basic grammar, vocabulary, and the development of reading, conversation, and writing skills while learning about the culture of Italy. Four hours of class, one hour of drill or tutorial. Presupposes no previous study of Italian.    The Department

FI 102.    ELEMENTARY ITALIAN II    3
Continuation of FI 101. Further development of basic grammar, reading, conversation, and writing skills while focusing on cultural materials from Italy. Three hours of class, one hour of drill or tutorial.    D. Castronuovo, S. Smith

FI 103.    INTENSIVE ELEMENTARY ITALIAN    4
Intensive review of introductory reading, speaking, oral comprehension, and grammatical structures of the language for those with some experience in the fundamentals but who still need to acquire the competency expected at the completion of the equivalent of FI102. Four hours of class, one hour of lab.    The Department

FI 203.    INTERMEDIATE ITALIAN    3
Continuing study of the structures of the Italian language. Extensive practice in conversation and writing. Vocabulary building through the reading of appropriate texts in the literature and culture. Three hours of class and one hour of lab. Prerequisite: FI102 or 103 or permission of instructor.    D. Castronuovo, S. Smith

FI 206.    ITALIAN LANGUAGE AND CULTURE    3
Development of Italian skills at the advanced intermediate level. Extensive practice in idioms. Development of vocabulary and reading skills necessary for communication at native speed. Texts include contemporary news materials, film, Internet sources, literature, and music. Prerequisite: FI203 or permission of instructor.    G. Faustini, S. Smith

FI 208.    ITALIAN CONVERSATION AND COMPOSITION    4
Intensive practice in daily use of Italian in a cultural context. Review of idioms, vocabulary, and writing skills. Prerequisite: FI203 or permission of instructor.    G. Faustini, S. Smith

FI 220.    LANGUAGE ACROSS THE CURRICULUM    1
A course designed for students who want to use their foreign language skills in any course taught in English at the college. Does not fulfill the foreign language distribution requirement or count toward the major or minor in foreign languages and literature. Prerequisite: FI203. Must be taken S/U. Can be repeated for credit.    The Department

FI 271, 272.    ITALIAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE DISCUSSION    1
A discussion group about an author, a period, a genre, a topic, a translation, or a research project in conjunction with another course. Can be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: FI208 or permission of the department.    G. Faustini, S. Smith

FI 304.    ADVANCED CONVERSATION AND COMPOSITION    3
Intensive practice of oral and written Italian to increase active vocabulary and fluency in spoken Italian and to develop and refine writing skills. Three hours of class, one hour of discussion.    G. Faustini, S. Smith

Courses in Literature and Civilization

FI 210.    INTRODUCTION TO LITERARY ANALYSIS    3
Reading and discussion of literary texts in the major genrespoetry, theater, and prosethrough close textual analysis. This course emphasizes the development of the analytical skills involved in doing a close reading and the critical skills needed for writing critical literary analysis. Regular papers required. Prerequisite: FI203 or permission of instructor. Not open to students who have taken FI207. (Fulfills humanities requirement.)    D. Castronuovo, S. Smith

FI 211.    MASTERPIECES OF ITALIAN LITERATURE I    3
Study of modern Italian literature from the Enlightenment period to the Futurist Movement focusing on major authors and movements from the eighteenth century to the mid-twentieth century. Prerequisite: FI203 or permission of instructor. Offered in alternate years. (Fulfills humanites requirement.)    G. Faustini

FI 212.    MASTERPIECES OF ITALIAN LITERATURE II    3
Study of the most important literary movements from the precursors of the Italian Renaissance to the end of the seventeenth century with particular emphasis on the writings of Dante, Boccaccio, the Humanists, Lorenzo de Medici, Michelangelo, and Machiavelli. Prerequisite: FI203 or permission of instructor. Offered in alternate years. (Fulfills humanities requirement.)    G. Faustini

FI 301.    BUSINESS ITALIAN    3
Study of commercial transactions in the context of social and economic life in Italy today. The course focuses on management, advertising, marketing, agricultural and industrial relations, banking, imports and exports, and the stock market in Italy. These topics will be considered in both the private and public sectors, focusing on vocabulary and forms of correspondence, employment applications, business procedures, and government agencies.    S. Smith

FI 303.    STUDIES IN MODERN ITALIAN LITERATURE    3
Selected readings from the Italian Unity to the present. A study of modern Italian novels, plays, and short stories from the historical period to the neo-realistic period: from Manzoni to Moravia. Prerequisite: FI203 or permission of instructor.    G. Faustini, S. Smith

FI 310.    IL RINASCIMENTO ITALIANO    3
Investigates Italian literature and culture from the Duecento to the late Cinquecento. We will examine in particular the development of the vernacular through a systematic study of the most representative literary works of the Italian literary tradition, which gave rise to the innovative literary, artistic, and philosophical ideas of the Italian Renaissance. Although the primary focus for this course is the study of literature, we will also examine the culture of the Renaissance as presented not only in the literary works but also in the major works of painting, sculpture, architecture, and music of the epoch. Readings will include selections from Dante, Petrarca, Boccaccio, the Humanists, Pico della Mirandola, Castiglione, Ariosto, Michelangelo, Lorenzo de' Medici, Veronica Franco, Machiavelli, and others. Prerequisite: FI208 or permission of instructor.    D. Castronuovo, G. Faustini, S. Smith

FI 340.    ADVANCED LANGUAGES ACROSS THE CURRICULUM    2
Application and development of Italian language skills in conjunction with any course taught in English at the college. Students will read, report, discuss and write about sophisticated materials in the disciplines, and learn how to translate them to and from English. Does not fulfill the foreign language distribution requirement in foreign languages and literatures. Can be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: FI208 or above.    The Department

FI 363.    SPECIAL STUDIES IN ITALIAN    3
Advanced literary or cultural study in an author, a genre, a period, or a topic. Prerequisite: permission of instructor.    G. Faustini, S. Smith

FI 371, 372.    INDEPENDENT STUDY    3, 3
Individual study projects under the guidance of the department.    The Department


JAPANESE

FJ 101.    ELEMENTARY JAPANESE I    4
An introduction to spoken and written Japanese emphasizing cultural perspectives. Linguistic emphasis is on basic grammar, vocabulary, and the development of reading, conversation, and writing skills while learning about the culture of Japan. Four hours of class, one hour of drill or tutorial. Presupposes no previous study of Japanese.    M. Inamoto

FJ 102.    ELEMENTARY JAPANESE II    3
Continuation of FJ 101. Further development of basic grammar, reading, conversation, and writing skills while focusing on cultural materials from Japan. Three hours of class, one hour of drill or tutorial.    M. Inamoto

FJ 203.    INTERMEDIATE JAPANESE    3
Continuing study of the structures of the Japanese language. Extensive practice in conversation and writing. Vocabulary building through the reading of appropriate texts in the literature and culture. Three hours of class and one hour of lab. Prerequisite: FJ102.    M. Inamoto

FJ 206.    JAPANESE LANGUAGE AND CULTURE    3
Development of Japanese skills at the advanced intermediate level. Extensive practice in idioms. Development of vocabulary and reading skills necessary for communication at native speed. Texts include contemporary news materials, film, Internet sources, literature, and music. Prerequisite: FJ203 or permission of the department. (Designated a non-Western culture course.)    M. Inamoto

FJ 207.    ADVANCED INTERMEDIATE JAPANESE I    3
Systematic study of advanced intermediate Japanese linguistic structures. Reading of selected texts concerning Japanese culture/society. Discussion in Japanese based on the reading. Intensive practice in writing short essays. Prerequisite: FJ203 or permission of instructor.    M. Inamoto

FJ 208.    ADVANCED INTERMEDIATE JAPANESE II    3
Continuation of FJ207. Further study of grammar, idioms, and vocabulary. Reading of authentic materials such as newspapers/magazine articles. Aural-oral exercises and intensive practice in writing short essays. Prerequisite: FJ207 or permission of instructor.    M. Inamoto

FJ 220.    LANGUAGE ACROSS THE CURRICULUM    1
A course designed for students who want to use their foreign language skills in any course taught in English at the college. Does not fulfill the foreign language distribution requirement or count toward the major or minor in foreign languages and literature. Prerequisite: FJ203. Must be taken S/U. Can be repeated for credit.    M. Inamoto

FJ 271, 272.    JAPANESE LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE DISCUSSION    1
A discussion group about an author, a period, a genre, a topic, a translation, or a research project in conjunction with another course. Can be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: FJ208 or permission of the department.    M. Inamoto

FJ 340.    ADVANCED LANGUAGES ACROSS THE CURRICULUM    2
Application and development of Japanese language skills in conjunction with any course taught in English at the college. Students will read, report, discuss and write about sophisticated materials in the disciplines, and learn how to translate them to and from English. Does not fulfill the foreign language distribution requirement in foreign languages and literatures. Can be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: FJ208 or above.    The Department

FJ 363.    SPECIAL STUDIES IN JAPANESE    3
Advanced literary or cultural study in an author, a genre, a period, or a topic. Prerequisite: permission of instructor. (Designated a non-Western culture course.) Course must enroll at least five students to be offered.    M. Inamoto

FJ 371, 372.    INDEPENDENT STUDY    3
Individual study projects under the guidance of the department.    M. Inamoto


LATIN

For complete course listings, see Classics.


SPANISH

Courses in Language

FS 101.    ELEMENTARY SPANISH I    4
An introduction to spoken and written Spanish emphasizing cultural perspectives. Linguistic emphasis is on basic grammar, vocabulary, and the development of reading, conversation, and writing skills while learning about the cultures of Spain and Spanish America. Four hours of class, one hour of drill or tutorial. Presupposes no previous study of Spanish.    The Department

FS 102.    ELEMENTARY SPANISH II    3
Continuation of FS 101. Further development of basic grammar, reading, conversation, and writing skills while focusing on cultural materials from Spain and Spanish America. Three hours of class, one hour of drill or tutorial. Open only to students who have completed FS 101.    The Department

FS 103.    ALTERNATIVE SECOND SEMESTER SPANISH    3
An introduction and review of elementary spoken and written Spanish emphasizing cultural perspectives. Linguistic emphasis is on grammar, vocabulary and the development of reading, conversation and writing skills while learning about the cultures of Spain and Spanish America. Three hours of class. For students who have completed one or two yeas of pre-College Spanish, and who have not placed in FS 203 or above. Not open to students who have completed FS101.    The Department

FS 203.    INTENSIVE INTERMEDIATE SPANISH    4
Continuing intensive study of the structures of the Spanish language. Extensive practice in conversation and writing. Vocabulary building through the reading of appropriate texts in the literature and culture. Four hours of class and one hour of lab. Prerequisite: FS102.    The Department

FS 206.    SPANISH CONVERSATION    3
Development of Spanish oral skills at the advanced intermediate level. Extensive practice in conversational idioms. Development of nonliterary, informal spoken vocabulary; of reading skills necessary to comprehend authentic news materials; of aural comprehension essential for understanding oral speech at native speed. Prerequisite: FS203 or permission of department.    The Department

FS 208.    WRITING IN SPANISH    4
Review of grammar, idioms, and vocabulary. Intensive practice in writing short essays. Prerequisite: FS203 or permission of instructor.    The Department

FS 220.    LANGUAGE ACROSS THE CURRICULUM    1
A course designed for students who want to use their foreign language skills in any course taught in English at the college. Does not fulfill the foreign language distribution requirement or count toward the major or minor in foreign languages and literature. Prerequisite: FS203. Must be taken S/U. Can be repeated for credit.    The Department

FS 221.    SPANISH FOR HERITAGE SPEAKERS    1
Students will improve their normative use of Spanish, including particularly conjugation, orthography, and instances of English interference, and will develop their linguistic accuracy in conversational and written Spanish. Does not count toward the Spanish major or minor. Permission of instructor required.    The Department

FS 222.    SPANISH FOR THE HEALTH PROFESSION    2
Students learn clinical and medical terminology and continue to develop their cultural knowledge to understand the needs of Latinos seeking health services. Students will also learn about current laws and health issues affecting Latinos seeking health services. Two hours of class. Does not fulfill the foreign language distribution requirement, but counts toward the major and minor in Spanish. Prerequisite: FS 203.    C. Grant

FS 271, 272.    SPANISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE DISCUSSION    1
A discussion group about an author, a period, a genre, a topic, a translation, or a research project in conjunction with another course. Can be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: FS208 or permission of the department.    The Department

FS 301.    BUSINESS SPANISH    4
An introduction to business institutions in the Hispanic world. The course focuses on economic geography, correspondence, and government requirements for business, as well as vocabulary used in banking, advertising, stock market, insurance, communications, and export and import. Primarily for students majoring in Spanish and business.    P. Rubio, C. Grant

FS 303.    SPANISH PHONETICS    3
Intensive work on phonetics, intonation, and diction. Phonetic transcriptions of spoken Spanish and practice in oral reading. Three hours of class, one hour of discussion. Offered on demand.

FS 304.    ADVANCED CONVERSATION AND COMPOSITION    4
Intensive practice of oral and written Spanish to increase active vocabulary and fluency in spoken Spanish and to develop further and refine writing skills. Four hours of class. Prerequisite: FS208 or permission of instructor.    P. Rubio, M. Mudrovic

FS 340.    ADVANCED LANGUAGES ACROSS THE CURRICULUM    2
Students apply and develop their Spanish language skills in conjunction with any course taught in English at the college. Students will read, report, discuss and write about sophisticated materials in the disciplines, and learn how to translate them to and from English. Does not fulfill the foreign language distribution requirement in foreign languages and literatures. Can be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: FS208.    The Department

FS 341.    ADVANCED SPANISH GRAMMAR WORKSHOP    1
Students will concentrate on increasing their linguistic accuracy by focusing on some of the most difficult grammatical structures for non-native speakers. Designed for students who are enrolled in 200- and 300-level literature and culture and civilization courses who continue to need focused attention on linguistic accuracy. Does not fulfill the foreign language distribution requirement in foreign languages and literature.    The Department


Courses in Literature and Civilization

FS 210.    INTRODUCTION TO THE READING OF LITERARY TEXTS    4
Reading and introduction of Hispanic literary texts to develop skills in literary analysis and critical writing using examples from the three main literary genres. Recommended for those planning to take FS211 or 212. Three hours of class. Prerequisite: FS203, 206, or permission of instructor. (Fulfills humanities requirement.)    The Department

FS 211.    SURVEY OF SPANISH LITERATURE    4
A study of the main currents of Spanish literature from the Renaissance to the twentieth century. Representative works of such major literary movements as the Golden Age, Neoclassicism, Romanticism, Realism, the Generation of '98, and the twentieth century will be studied. Prerequisite: FS208 or permission of instructor. (Fulfills humanities requirement.)    G. Burton, M. Mudrovic

FS 212.    SURVEY OF SPANISH AMERICAN LITERATURE    4
A study of the main currents of Spanish American literature from Colonial times to the present. Such authors as Sor Juana, Gallegos, Darío, Carpentier, Mistral, Neruda, Paz, and Cortázar will be studied. Prerequisite: FS208 or permission of instructor. (Fulfills humanities requirement.)    P. Rubio, B. Loyola

FS 313.    LITERATURE OF THE GOLDEN AGE    3
A study of the novel, drama, and poetry, centering on the picaresque novel, Cervantes, Lope de Vega, Tirso de Molina, Calderón de la Barca, Góngora, and Quevedo. Prerequisite: FS211, 212 or consent of department. Offered every third year.    G. Burton

FS 314.    SPANISH LITERATURE OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY    3
A study of poetry, drama, and the novel of the nineteenth century, centering on Espronceda, Duque de Rivas, Zorrilla, Pérez Galdós, Valera, Pardo Bazán, and Clarín. Prerequisite: FS211, 212, or consent of department. Offered every third year.    M. Mudrovic

FS 317.    SPANISH LITERATURE OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY    3
A study of the drama, novel, and poetry of the Generation of '98 as well as selected novels and dramas since the Civil War. Prerequisite: FS211, 212, or consent of the instructor. Offered every third year.    M. Mudrovic

FS 319.    SPANISH AMERICAN NARRATIVE OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY    3
A study of the main characteristics of the contemporary Spanish-American novel and short story in the work of authors such as Borges, Asturias, Carpentier, Cortázar, García Márquez, Onetti, Vargas Llosa, Fuentes. Prerequisite: FS210, 211 or 212 or permission of instructor. Offered every third year.    P. Rubio

FS 320.    STUDIES IN SPANISH AMERICAN POETRY    3
A study of the development of Spanish American poetry from Modernismo to the present in the work of poets such as Darío, Nervo, Valencia, Mistral, Torres Bodet, Neruda, Paz. Prerequisite: FS211 or 212 or permission of instructor. Offered every third year.

FS 321.    STUDIES IN SPANISH AMERICAN DRAMA    3
A study of the development of Spanish American drama from the seventeenth century to the present including such authors as Alarcón, Sor Juana, Goros-tiga, Eichelbaum, Usigli, Garro, Carballido, Wolf, Gambaro, and Sánchez. Prerequisite: FS211 or 212 or permission of instructor.

FS 323.    SPANISH IN THE MEDIA    4
A study of the Spanish-speaking world within its contemporary cultural context, especially as manifested in the media (newspapers, magazines, radio, television). This course is designed to give students a more complex understanding of Hispanic culture. We will study such topics as political, social, and economic trends in the Spanish-speaking world, the relationship between language and society, and dialect as an expression of culture. Prerequisite: FS208.    V. Rangil

FS 324A.    SPANISH FILM    4
A study of films produced and directed by Spanish, Spanish American, and Latino filmmakers. Students will learn about film theory and cinematographic techniques, and will analyze the specific social, cultural, and historical thematic of the films. In readings and discussions, students will address cultural differences, gender studies, and aesthetic concepts. The course will be offered on a bi-yearly, alternating basis.    M. Mudrovic

FS 324B.    SPANISH AMERICAN/LATINO FILM    4
A study of films produced and directed by Spanish, Spanish American, and Latino filmmakers. Students will learn about film theory and cinematographic techniques, and will analyze the specific social, cultural, and historical thematic of the films. In readings and discussions, students will address cultural differences, gender studies, and aesthetic concepts. The course will be offered on a bi-yearly, alternating basis.    V. Rangil

FS 330.    SPANISH AMERICAN ESSAY    3
A study of the development of Spanish American thought from Independence to the present. Special attention will be given to the intellectual trends contributing to independence, to the foundations of the new republics and their relationships to Europe, and to the definition of Spanish-American identity and culture. Particular consideration will be afforded to the writings of Bolívar, Sarmiento, Bello, Lastarria, Rodó, Mariátegui, Martí, Zea, and Paz, among others.    P. Rubio

FS 331.    THE CULTURE OF SPANISH AMERICA I    3
An exploration of the historical, cultural, and artistic development of Spanish America from discovery to independence. Students will also assess the impact of the encounter and development of the colonial empire on native American populations and the environment, from diaries and letters of conquerors and settlers. Particular attention will be given to the Jesuit missions in Paraguay, to the environmental expeditions through the period, and the impact of the slave trade. Prerequisite: FS211 or 212 or permission of instructor. Offered in alternate years.    P. Rubio

FS 332.    THE CULTURE OF SPANISH AMERICA II    3
An exploration of Spanish America's historical, cultural, and artisitic development from independence to the present. Students will focus on issues of nation building and identity as expressed in fiction and nonfiction, and on the impact of both revolutionary movements and dictatorial regimes on the developments of literature and art. Prerequisite: FS212 or permission of instructor. Offered in alternate years.    P. Rubio

FS 334.    CERVANTES    3
A study of the prose, drama, and poetry of Miguel de Cervantes in the light of the social and intellectual currents of early seventeenth-century Spain. Particular attention will be paid to Don Quijote.    G. Burton

FS 363.    SPECIAL STUDIES IN SPANISH    3
Advanced literary or cultural study in an author, a genre, a period, or a topic. Prerequisite: permission of instructor.    The Department

FS 371, 372.    INDEPENDENT STUDY    3, 3
Individual study projects under the guidance of the department.    The Department

FS 374.    THESIS    3
An extended research project culminating in a paper based on readings and extensive individual conferences. Required of all majors who wish to be considered for departmental honors. Prerequisite: FS376, senior standing, permission of instructor, and 3.5 GPA in the major.    The Department

FS 376.    SEMINAR    3
A detailed study of an author, a period, or theme relevant to the understanding of Spanish and Spanish-American literature and culture with special attention to the essay. Frequent oral reports. Close attention to development, organization, and writing of an extensive paper. Prerequisite: Senior status.    The Department


SELF-INSTRUCTIONAL LANGUAGE COURSES

FX 101, 102.    SELF-INSTRUCTIONAL BASIC STUDY    3, 3
Arabic, Hebrew, Hindi, Korean, Portuguese, Russian. May only be taken for a grade.

FX 201, 202.    SELF-INSTRUCTIONAL INTERMEDIATE STUDY    3, 3
Arabic, Hebrew, Hindi, Korean, Portuguese, Russian. May be taken for a grade or S/U.


LITERATURE AND CIVILIZATION COURSES TAUGHT IN ENGLISH

These courses are open to all students. Knowledge of a foreign language is not a prerequisite, with the exception of FL399.

FL 241.    PRE-MODERN JAPANESE LITERATURE IN TRANSLATION    3
Students will read and discuss poetry, prose, and performance works of the Nara (710–794) to Edo (1615–1867) periods. They will trace the development of Japanese culture and literature from early history to modern times. Students will examine the broad themes of pre-modern Japanese literature in historical, cultural, religious and socio-political contexts. (Designated a non-Western culture course; fulfills humanities requirement.)    M. Inamoto

FL 242.    MODERN JAPANESE LITERATURE IN TRANSLATION    3
A critical survey of modern Japanese prose literature in English translation beginning with the Meiji period and continuing to the present. Students will study the interaction of traditional Japanese sensibilities with Western literary ideas and techniques as represented in major literary movements in Japan. Works will be discussed in terms of their cultural, historical, and literary contexts. (Designated a non-Western culture course; fulfills humanities requirement.)    M. Inamoto

FL 243.