What Else Happened in 1903?

CULTURE AND COMMERCE

	IBT

• In Niagara Falls, N.Y., the Team Drivers International Union (TDIU) and the Teamsters National Union merge into the International Brotherhood of Teamsters.
• Meanwhile, the Women's Trade Union League of New York (later International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union), is formed.
• Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto becomes Pope Pius X, succeeding Leo XIII. He would be canonized in 1954.
• Kitchen worker "Typhoid Mary" Mallon unknowingly sparks an epidemic.
• Pediatrician Sara Josephine Baker, a medical inspector for the New York Department of Health, promotes hygiene, nutrition and infant care in Hell's Kitchen. When she becomes the city's first female assistant health commissioner in 1907, her all-male staff resigns in protest. Among her many accomplishments, Baker helped track down "Typhoid Mary."
• Milton Hershey builds a chocolate factory in rural Pennsylvania.
• Richard Steiff creates a plush toy that will become the best-known "Teddy Bear."
• North Carolina pharmacist Caleb Bradham receives a trademark for his fountain drink, Pepsi-Cola.
• Binney & Smith Co. of New York creates Crayola crayons. A box of eight costs a nickel.

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