Roman/Etruscan rule:
rex,
imperium, fasces, senatus (conscripti), comitia curiata
509 BC: overthrow
of Etruscan rule, led by Lucius
Iunius Brutus
Tripartite Temple
of Jupiter, Juno and Minerva on the Capitoline Hill (map
of Republican Rome)
Phoenicians
Carthage
Greek settlements
in Italy: Ischia (= Pithecusai), Cumae (Bay of Naples); Sicily (Syracuse,
Agrigentum, Panormus=Palermo, etc.); southern Italy: Tarentum
Etruscan origins:
Asia Minor (from Lydia? island of Lemnos?) or outgrowth of Villanovans
Etruscan religion:
Etrusca
disciplina, haruspices
Kings (lucumo,
lucumones), retainers (lictors), fasces
Etruscan League of
12 Cities, centered at Volsinii
Hoplite phalanx
Etruscan influence:
Etruria, Latium, Campania; Battle of Alalia (Corsica), 535 BC, Etruscans+Carthaginians
vs. Greeks
Etruscan influence
on Rome: oppidum, pagus, populi
Latin League: worship
of Jupiter Latiaris ("Jupiter of Latium") at Alban Mount and town of Alba
Longa; worship of Diana
Mythical foundation
of Rome: April 21, 753 BC [Romulus, Remus, Rhea Silvia, Faustulus &
Larentia (=Lupa)]
Iron Age settlements
in Rome: on four of the seven hills of Rome (the Palatine, the Quirinal,
the Viminal, the Esquiline), also in the Forum; also at Alba Longa
pomerium and
the Capitoline Hill
Seven Kings of Rome,
753-509 BC:
| DATE | NAME | ETHNICITY |
| 753-716 | Romulus | Latin |
| 716-715 | Titus Tatius | Sabine |
| 715-673 | Numa Pompilius | Sabine or Etruscan |
| 674-642 | Tullus Hostilius | Latin |
| 642-617 | Ancus Marcius | Sabine |
| 616-579 | Lucius Tarquinius Priscus | Etruscan/Greek |
| 578-535 | Servius Tullius | Etruscan |
| 534-510 | L. Tarquinius Superbus | Etruscan |
Roman/Etruscan rule:
rex,
imperium, fasces, senatus (conscripti), comitia curiata
509 BC: overthrow
of Etruscan rule, led by Lucius
Iunius Brutus
Tripartite Temple
of Jupiter, Juno and Minerva on the Capitoline Hill (map
of Republican Rome)
