| Timeline
for the Julio-Claudian Principate: |
|
| PRINCIPATE OF AUGUSTUS, 31 BCE - 14 CE | |
| 31 BCE | Octavian defeats Antony and Cleopatra at Actium |
| 29 | Octavian celebrates triple triumph and dedicates Temple of Divine Julius Caesar in Rome |
| 27 | Constitutional settlement: Octavian receives name of Augustus and maius imperium for 10 years |
| 25 | Julia, daughter of Augustus, marries Marcellus |
| 23 | Augustus gravely ill; recovers, resigns consulship and receives proconsular maius imperium for five years and tribunicia potestas. Marcellus dies |
| 22 | Augustus declines dictatorship and consulship for life |
| 21 | Julia marries M. Vipsanius Agrippa |
| 20 | Parthia returns the standards to Tiberius |
| 19 | Death of Vergil |
| 18 | Augustus' imperium renewed for five years. Agrippa co-regent, with powers equal to Augustus' |
| 17 | Augustus adopts grandsons Gaius and Lucius; Ludi Saeculares celebrated, recognizing a "new age" for Rome |
| 13 | Augustus' imperium renewed for five years |
| 12 | Augustus becomes Pontifex Maximus. Death of Agrippa. |
| 11 | Tiberius divorces Agrippina and marries Julia |
| 9 | Dediation of Ara Pacis ("Altar of Peace") |
| 8 | Augustus' imperium renewed for 10 years. Death of Horace and Maecenas |
| 6 | Tiberius retires to the island of Rhodes |
| 5 | Augustus briefly holds the consulship to introduce grandson Gaius into public life |
| 2 | Augustus becomes pater patriae. Julia exiled. Dedication of Temple of Mars Ultor in Forum Augustum |
| 2 CE | Death of Augustus' grandson Lucius. Tiberius returns to Rome |
| 3 | Augustus' imperium renewed for 10 years. |
| 4 | Death of Augustus' grandson Gaius. Augustus adopts Tiberius, who receives tribunicia potestas for 10 years |
| 6 | Judaea annexed |
| 9 | Defeat of Varus in Germany and loss of three legions |
| 13 | Augustus' imperium renewed for 10 years. Tiberius co-regent, with powers equal to Augustus' |
| 14 | Death of Augustus |
| PRINCIPATE OF TIBERIUS, 14-37 CE | |
| 14 | Accession of Tiberius. Sejanus made Praetorian Preject. Mutinies quelled on frontiers. |
| 16 | Germanicus recalled from Germany |
| 17 | Triumph of Germanicus. Death of Livy. |
| 18 | Tiberius and Germanicus consuls. Germanicus in Egypt. |
| 19 | Jews expelled from Rome. Germanicus dies in Syria |
| 20 | Trial and suicide of Piso |
| 21 | Tiberius and son Drusus consuls |
| 23 | Death of Drusus |
| 26 | Pontius Pilate appointed prefect of Judaea |
| 27 | Tiberius retires to Capreae (= Capri) |
| 29 | Death of Livia and banishment of Agrippina the Elder, widow of Germanicus |
| 31 | Tiberius and Sejanus consuls. Sejanus put to death and replaced by Macro as Praetorian Prefect |
| 33 | Death of Agrippina in exile. Gaius Caesar ("Caligula") quaestor. Crucifixion of Jesus Christ. |
| 37 | Death of Tiberius |
| PRINCIPATE OF CALIGULA, 37-41 CE | |
| 37 | Accession of Caligula. Caligula and Claudius consuls |
| 38 | Death and deification of Drusilla, sister of Caligula. Jewish disturbances in Alexandria |
| 39 | Caligula campaigns on the Rhine. Sisters Julia and Agrippina the Younger exiled. |
| 40 | Caligula's expedition to the Channel; returns to Rome. Jewish embassy to Caligula in Rome |
| 41 | Caligula murdered |
| PRINCIPATE OF CLAUDIUS, 41-54 CE | |
| 41 | Accession of Claudius |
| 42 | Mauretania organized as two provinces |
| 43 | Expedition to Britain; triumph in 44. Lycia organized as one province |
| 44-46 | Judaea, Thrace organized as provinces |
| 48 | Messalina killed. Claudius marries niece Agrippina the Younger |
| 49 | Seneca, in exile, recalled and made tutor of Nero, son of Agrippina |
| 50 | Claudius adopts Nero as guardian for son Britannicus |
| 53 | Nero marries Octavia. Parthians invade Armenia |
| 54 | Death of Claudius |
| PRINCIPATE OF NERO, 54-68 CE | |
| 54 | Accession of Nero. Claudius deified. |
| 55 | Britannicus poisoned. Pallas dismissed |
| 57 | Nero orders senators and equestrian to participate in Games |
| 59 | Nero murders his mother Agrippina the Younger |
| 61 | Revolts in Britain |
| 62 | Death of Burrus. Tigellinus made Praetorian Prefect. Seneca, tutor, disgraced. Nero divorces Octavia and marries Poppaea. Octavia murdered. |
| 64 | Great fire at Rome. Persecutions of the Christians. Domus Aurea built. |
| 65 | Conspiracy of Piso. Suicides of Seneca and Lucan. Death of Poppaea |
| 66 | Suicide of Petronius. Temple of Janus closed. Nero marries Messalina |
| 67 | Vespasian in command in Judaea. Nero performs in Greece |
| 68 | Nero returns to Italy. Death of Nero. |