Procedures

Atomic absorption spectrometer (PerkinElmer AAnalyst 800)

Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (PerkinElmer Spectrum 100, Spotlight 200)

Gas ghromatograph-mass spectrometer (Agilent 7890A, 5975C)

High-performance liquid chromatograph

Ion chromatograph (ICS-2100)

LI-COR photosynthesis system (LI-6400 XT)

X-ray diffractometer (Rigaku Miniflex 6G)

X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (Bruker Tracer III SD)